Hospitality Workforce Challenges
The Australian hospitality industry has experienced severe labour shortages, particularly since the pandemic. Restaurants, hotels, cafes, and catering businesses across the country are struggling to find and retain skilled workers. High turnover, unsociable hours, and competition from other sectors make it difficult to fill roles from the domestic labour market alone.
Employer sponsorship provides a reliable pathway for hospitality businesses to bring in experienced chefs, cooks, and managers from overseas, helping to maintain service quality and business viability.
Commonly Sponsored Hospitality Occupations
| Occupation | ANZSCO Code | Assessing Authority |
|---|---|---|
| Chef | 351311 | TRA |
| Cook | 351411 | TRA |
| Pastry Cook | 351112 | TRA |
| Hotel or Motel Manager | 141311 | VETASSESS |
| Cafe or Restaurant Manager | 141111 | VETASSESS |
| Baker | 351111 | TRA |
Chef vs Cook
The distinction between Chef (351311) and Cook (351411) matters significantly for visa purposes. Both are on the Core Skills Occupation List and share the same caveat excluding limited service restaurants (fast food, takeaway, coffee shops and similar). The ANZSCO definitions determine which code applies based on the level of skill and responsibility involved, and the employer must nominate the code that matches the actual duties.
Visa Types for Hospitality Workers
482 Skills in Demand — Core Skills stream (Chef and Cook)
Chef is one of the most commonly sponsored occupations in Australia, and Cook is also on the Core Skills Occupation List. The Core Skills stream provides a visa of up to four years, with a pathway to permanent residency through the 186 Temporary Residence Transition stream after two years of full-time work for approved sponsors. The Specialist Skills stream is not available for chefs or cooks because it excludes trades occupations.
494 Visa — Regional
Hospitality businesses in regional areas can sponsor workers on the 494 visa, which provides up to five years and a pathway to permanent residency through the 191 visa. This is particularly useful for regional restaurants, resorts, and hotels.
Salary Requirements
Hospitality workers on the 482 or 186 must be offered at least the Core Skills Income Threshold (CSIT, A$79,423 from 1 July 2026) and the annual market salary rate. This can be a challenge for some hospitality businesses, as the threshold has increased significantly in recent years. The salary must be for the base rate excluding overtime, tips, and non-monetary benefits.
- Chef: at least A$79,423 (must meet the CSIT and the market rate)
- Cook: at least A$79,423 (the CSIT applies regardless of award rates)
- Cafe/Restaurant Manager: at least A$79,423; market rates are often higher
Salary ranges are indicative market figures, not visa thresholds. The CSIT is A$79,423 from 1 July 2026 and the Specialist Skills Income Threshold (SSIT) is A$146,576; both are indexed each year, so confirm the current figures on the Department of Home Affairs website before nominating.
Salary Compliance Is Critical
The salary offered must be the guaranteed annual earnings, not dependent on overtime or penalty rates. The Department closely scrutinises hospitality nominations to ensure salary compliance. Non-compliance can result in nomination refusal and future sponsorship restrictions.
TRA Skills Assessment
Trades Recognition Australia (TRA) is the assessing authority for chefs, cooks, bakers, and pastry cooks. The TRA assessment process for overseas workers typically involves:
- Verification of trade qualifications equivalent to an Australian Certificate III or IV
- Evidence of at least three years of post-qualification employment in the trade
- Detailed employment references describing duties performed
- For onshore applicants, a practical workplace assessment may be required (Job Ready Program)
TRA assessments can take two to four months to process. The offshore skills assessment pathway is used for workers applying from outside Australia, while the Job Ready Program applies to graduates of Australian trade courses.
Challenges in Hospitality Sponsorship
- Meeting the CSIT: The A$79,423 threshold is above what many hospitality businesses traditionally pay, requiring salary restructuring
- Genuine position scrutiny: The Department closely examines hospitality nominations due to historical compliance concerns in the sector
- Business viability: Smaller hospitality businesses may face additional scrutiny regarding their financial capacity to sustain the sponsored position
- Labour market testing: Demonstrating genuine efforts to recruit locally is essential, particularly in metropolitan areas
Need to Sponsor Hospitality Workers?
Our registered migration agent understands the unique challenges of hospitality sponsorship. Contact us for expert guidance on the best visa pathway for your business.
Consultations are paid: A$330 for 30 minutes with Keshab Chapagain, registered migration agent (MARN 1576536), booked through WIDEN.